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Passive House energy Costs

The cost of energy keeps rising.

Added to that is the uncertainty of fuels such as oil and gas.

The recent events in the middle east confirms many views that to protect yourself against sky high energy costs the best way is to conserve the energy you use and to minimise your costs by eliminating or reducing your energy needs.The best way is to build passive.

The form below shows the m2 cost per year of houses throughout the BER (building energy ratings) range.

The chart below is based on a €0.15kwh.

House Type BER Rating Kwh/m2/y Cost per m2/year
A1 >25 €3.75
A2 25 €3.75
A3 50 7.5
B1 75 €11,25
B2 100 €15.00
B3 125 €18.75
C1 150 €22.50
C2 175 €26.25
C3 200 €30.00
D1 225 €33.75
D2 260 €39.00
E1 300 €51.00
E2 340
F 380 €57.00
G 450 €67.50

The above energy costs refer to space heating and water heating requirements only.

Additional energy for appliances such as TV and white goods are not included.

Looking at the chart the the A1 house has a yearly energy cost of €3.75m2/year and at the other end of the scale the G house has a €67.50m2/year.

Now the A1 house figure is somewhat unrealistic as to achieve the €3.75m2 per year it would need to augment the energy with re newables.

A more realistic average house is the B3 to C3 range as they fall into the Irish building regulations of 2003-2005.

The UK SAP regulations are similar to the Irish regulations and the energy costs can be converted to Sterling.

Looking at the B3 average yearly cost per m2 it comes in at €18.75m2/year.

The KWh cost used is €0.15kwh

The C3 comes in at €26.25m2/year

Most houses built between 2002 to 2007 fall into this range.

Now an average 3 bed semi detached house has a floor area of 1200ft2 or about 111m2.

If you apply the yearly costs of energy to the B3 and C3 houses respectively the costs are

House Type Area M2 Cost Per M2/year Total cost perm2/year
B3 111 €18.75 €2085.25
C3 111 €26.25 €2913.75

The year on year costs to heat a house must take into account the average fuel inflation increases that are inevitable.

Based on an annual increase of 4% per annum the chart below gives you some idea of the costs over a twenty year period.

House Type A1 B1 C1 D1 E1 G
Year1 €259.74

€1,298.70

€2,597.40

€3,896.10

€5,194.80

€7,792.20

Year2 €270.13 €1,350.65 €2,701.30 €4,051.94 €5,402.59 €8,103.89
Year3 €270.13 €1,404.67 €2,809.35 €4,214.02 €5,618.70 €8,428.04
Year4 €292.17 €1,460.86 €2,921.72 €4,382.58 €5,843.44 €8,765.17
Year5 €303.86 €1,519.30 €3,038.59 €4,557.89 €6,077.18 €9,115.77
Year6 €316.01 €1,580.07 €3,160.13 €4,740.20 €6,320.27 €9,480.40
Year7 €328.65 €1,643.27 €3,286.54 €4,929.81 €6,573.08 €9,859.62
Year8 €341.80 €1,709.00 €3,418.00 €5,127.00 €6,836.00 €10,254.00
Year9 €355.47 €1,777.36 €3,554.72 €5,332.08 €7,109.44 €10,664.16
Year10 €369.69 €1,848.46 €3,696.91 €5,545.37 €7,393.82 €11,090.73
Year11 €384.48 €1,922.39 €3,844.79 €5,767.18 €7,689.57 €11,534.36
Year12 €399.86 €1,999.29 €3,998.58 €5,997.87 €7,997.16 €11,995.73
Year13 €415.85 €2,079.26 €4,158.52 €6,237.78 €8,317.04 €12,475.56
Year14 €432.49 €2,162.43 €4,324.86 €6,487.29 €8,649.72 €12,974.59
Year15 €449.79 €2,248.93 €4,497.86 €6,746.78 €8,995.71 €13,493.57
Year16 €467.78 €2,338.89 €4,677.77 €7,016.66 €9,355.54 €14,033.31
Year17 €486.49 €2,432.44 €4,864.88 €7,297.32 €9,729.76 €14,594.64
Year18 €505.95 €2,529.74 €5,059.48 €7,589.22 €10,118.95 €15,178.43

Year19 €526.19 €2,630.93 €5,261.86 €7,892.78 €10,523.71 €15,785.57
year20 €547.23 €2,736.17

€5,472.33

€8,208.50

€10,944.66

€16,416.99
Total €7,723.75 €38,672.79 €77,345.58 €116,018.3 €154,691.16 €232,036.74

As you can see the overall costs over the twenty year period are substantial.

Most houses in the UK and Ireland lie in the C1 to D1 range with pre 1980 houses in the E1 range.

If you think the fuel escalation rate is too high remember that oil was at $10 per barrel in the mid nineties.

If the fuel escalation rate is at 5% or more the figures become even more scary.

Passive houses are calculated is different than the BER and SAP energy rating system.

The standard for heating in a Passive house is 15kwhm2/year.

If you add the water heating requirement you can compare it with the BER rating.

Water heating will require up to 3600kwh/year as an average.

Allowing 2400kwh for solar water heating the requirement falls to 1200kwh of consumed energy.

The Chart below gives some idea of the energy a passive house uses in a year based on the maximum permitted figure of 15kwhm2/year

House Type Area m2 Max Heat allowance Waterheating Total
Pasive 111 15Kwh/m2/y 1200kw €429.75

The maximum figure is used but many houses achieve far better passive figures.

Finally the passive standard for overall power use is 120kwh/m2/year.

This equates to €1998.00 for our standard house.

This is the total requirement of energy and some of which is discretionary.




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